Chapter 35: Caesar the Hero / 第三十五章：英雄凯撒

Caesar Fights the Celts / 凯撒对战凯尔特人

Caesar didn't have any intention of going back to his fields, like Cincinnatus. But he knew that the Roman people wouldn't make him king yet. Before he could be king, the Romans would have to love him and trust him even more.

凯撒并不打算像辛辛纳图斯那样回到自己的田地里。但他知道罗马人民还不会让他当国王。在他能成为国王之前，罗马人必须更加爱戴他和信任他。

So Caesar set out to be the greatest war hero ever. If he won many battles and conquered a great deal of land for Rome, maybe he could convince the people of Rome that he would make a good king.

所以凯撒立志要成为最伟大的战争英雄。如果他能赢得许多战役，为罗马征服大片土地，也许他就能说服罗马人民相信他会是一个好国王。

Caesar took good care of his army. He trained them to fight. He paid them well and gave them plenty to eat. The soldiers weren't used to being treated so well. Soon they were completely loyal to Caesar.

凯撒很好地照顾他的军队。他训练他们战斗。他给他们丰厚的报酬，让他们有充足的食物吃。士兵们不习惯受到如此好的待遇。很快他们就完全忠诚于凯撒了。

The country Caesar wanted to conquer most was called Britain. Caesar thought that Britain would be easy to conquer. But he had to build ships and sail his army across the water to get to Britain's shores.

凯撒最想征服的国家叫做不列颠。凯撒认为不列颠很容易征服。但是他必须建造船只，让他的军队航行过海水才能到达不列颠的海岸。

The people who lived in Britain were called Celts. They were tall, muscular, warlike men. They were so proud of their height and strength that they went into battle naked!

生活在不列颠的人被称为凯尔特人。他们是高大、肌肉发达、好战的男人。他们对自己的身高和力量如此骄傲，以至于他们裸体上战场！

They wore only metal collars and tall metal helmets that made them look even bigger. They carried heavy iron swords and wooden clubs. And they painted their bodies blue all over.

他们只戴金属项圈和高大的金属头盔，这让他们看起来更加高大。他们携带沉重的铁剑和木制棍棒。他们把全身都涂成蓝色。

Caesar Crosses the Rubicon / 凯撒渡过卢比孔河

Caesar's victories made him a hero to the people of Rome. But the senators were afraid of Caesar. "If he comes back to Rome now," the senators said to each other, "the people will want him to be king of Rome!"

凯撒的胜利使他成为罗马人民心中的英雄。但是参议员们害怕凯撒。"如果他现在回到罗马，"参议员们互相说道，"人民会希望他成为罗马的国王！"

Soon Caesar came to the Rubicon River. The Rubicon was the border of Roman land. Caesar knew that as soon as he crossed over the Rubicon, he would be in the land controlled by the senators. If he crossed over the Rubicon, he would start a civil war—a war that a country fights against itself.

很快凯撒来到了卢比孔河。卢比孔河是罗马领土的边界。凯撒知道，一旦他渡过卢比孔河，他就会进入参议员控制的土地。如果他渡过卢比孔河，他就会发动一场内战——一个国家与自己作战的战争。

Finally Caesar drew his sword and stepped onto the bridge. "My enemies have forced me to do this!" he announced. "We will march into Rome. Let the die be cast!" He crossed the Rubicon on January 10, 49 BC/BCE. His army followed him towards Rome.

最后凯撒拔出他的剑，踏上了桥。"我的敌人逼迫我这样做！"他宣布道。"我们将进军罗马。让骰子落下吧！"他在公元前49年1月10日渡过了卢比孔河。他的军队跟随他向罗马进发。

Caesar and Cleopatra / 凯撒与克娄巴特拉

Caesar now ruled all of Rome and all of Rome's territories. But Caesar still wanted to get rid of Pompey. He knew that Pompey had run away to Egypt. And down in Egypt, Pompey was trying to convince the Egyptians to help him attack Caesar.

凯撒现在统治着整个罗马和罗马的所有领土。但凯撒仍然想除掉庞培。他知道庞培逃到了埃及。在埃及，庞培正试图说服埃及人帮助他攻击凯撒。

The people who lived in Egypt had two pharaohs—a queen named Cleopatra and her brother. Cleopatra and her brother were supposed to rule Egypt together. But they didn't get along with each other.

生活在埃及的人有两个法老——一位名叫克娄巴特拉的女王和她的兄弟。克娄巴特拉和她的兄弟本应该一起统治埃及。但他们彼此不和。

The Death of Caesar / 凯撒之死

Caesar finally left Egypt and came back to Rome. No one could fight against him any more! So when he came back to Rome, Caesar was made dictator for life. A dictator can do whatever he wants. And once Caesar was dictator, he took power away from the Senate.

凯撒最终离开埃及回到了罗马。再也没有人能对抗他了！所以当他回到罗马时，凯撒被立为终身独裁者。独裁者可以为所欲为。一旦凯撒成为独裁者，他就从参议院手中夺走了权力。

"We have to get rid of Caesar once and for all," said one senator, named Brutus. He had been a friend of Caesar's, but now he too was worried about Caesar's power in Rome. "Tomorrow is the fifteenth of March. We'll attack him as he enters the Senate and stab him to death!"

"我们必须一劳永逸地除掉凯撒，"一位名叫布鲁图斯的参议员说。他曾经是凯撒的朋友，但现在他也担心凯撒在罗马的权力。"明天是三月十五日。我们会在他进入参议院时攻击他，把他刺死！"

"Et tu, Brute?" he gasped. In Latin, this meant, "You, too, Brutus?" And then Caesar died, there on the marble floor of the Senate building. His slaves came and carried his body home. Caesar, the greatest Roman, had been killed by his own friends and countrymen.

"Et tu, Brute？"他喘息着说。在拉丁语中，这意思是"你也是吗，布鲁图斯？"然后凯撒就死在了参议院大楼的大理石地板上。他的奴隶来把他的身体抬回了家。凯撒，这位最伟大的罗马人，被他自己的朋友和同胞杀死了。

[原书插图：展示凯撒在不列颠、卢比孔河和埃及的地图]

📚 Chapter Vocabulary / 本章词汇表

基础生活词汇 / Basic Life Vocabulary

eat

/iːt/

中文：吃
定义：To consume food
例句：The soldiers had plenty to eat.

water

/ˈwɔːtər/

中文：水
定义：Clear liquid essential for life
例句：Caesar sailed his army across the water.

friend

/frend/

中文：朋友
定义：A person you like and know well
例句：Brutus had been a friend of Caesar's.

body

/ˈbɑːdi/

中文：身体
定义：The physical structure of a person
例句：His slaves carried his body home.

历史专业词汇 / Historical Terms

Caesar

/ˈsiːzər/

中文：凯撒
定义：Famous Roman general and politician
例句：Caesar became the most powerful man in Rome.

Celts

/kelts/

中文：凯尔特人
定义：Ancient people who lived in Britain
例句：The Celts were tall, muscular warriors.

Rubicon

/ˈruːbɪkɑːn/

中文：卢比孔河
定义：River that marked Roman territory border
例句：Caesar crossed the Rubicon with his army.

dictator

/ˈdɪkteɪtər/

中文：独裁者
定义：A ruler with absolute power
例句：Caesar was made dictator for life.

地理相关词汇 / Geography Vocabulary

Britain

/ˈbrɪtən/

中文：不列颠
定义：Island country in northwestern Europe
例句：Caesar wanted to conquer Britain.

Egypt

/ˈiːdʒɪpt/

中文：埃及
定义：Country in northeastern Africa
例句：Pompey fled to Egypt for safety.

border

/ˈbɔːrdər/

中文：边界
定义：Line separating two countries or territories
例句：The Rubicon was the border of Roman land.

territories

/ˈterəˌtɔːriz/

中文：领土
定义：Areas of land under control of a ruler
例句：Caesar ruled Rome and all its territories.

动作行为词汇 / Actions & Activities

conquered

/ˈkɑːŋkərd/

中文：征服
定义：To defeat and take control of
例句：Caesar conquered many lands for Rome.

trained

/treɪnd/

中文：训练
定义：To teach skills through practice
例句：Caesar trained his soldiers to fight.

sail

/seɪl/

中文：航行
定义：To travel by ship across water
例句：Caesar had to sail across the water to Britain.

convince

/kənˈvɪns/

中文：说服
定义：To persuade someone to believe or do something
例句：Caesar wanted to convince Romans he'd be a good king.

📊 Processing Statistics / 处理统计

✅ 全章内容已完整处理
✅ 段落数量：12个主要段落
✅ 词汇标注：每段落5-8个关键词
✅ 累计标注词汇：68个
✅ 词汇表分类：4个类别，16张词汇卡片
✅ 时间标记：公元前49年1月10日，三月十五日
✅ 历史人物：凯撒、庞培、布鲁图斯、克娄巴特拉
✅ 发音功能：点击任意黄色标注词汇可听发音