Chapter 45 - Yelling for Help: Tutors, Online Resources, Distance Learning, Cooperative Classes, and Colleges and Universities

第45章 - 寻求帮助：导师、在线资源、远程学习、合作课程以及学院和大学

"Two heads are better than one." —Proverb
"三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。" —谚语

In the early grades, parents serve as the child's primary teacher. Any literate parent can master the basics of an academic subject well enough to teach it to an elementary or middle-school child.

在早期年级，父母担任孩子的主要老师。任何有文化的父母都能充分掌握一门学术科目的基础知识，足以教授小学或中学的孩子。

Parents are accustomed to using private teachers for music, gymnastics, or any other subject that requires a high degree of accomplishment. Upper-level academic subjects are no different.

父母已经习惯于为音乐、体操或任何其他需要高程度成就的科目聘用私人老师。高级学术科目也并无不同。

When your home-schooled student develops proficiency in a field of study, you may want to enlist help for further work.

当您的在家教育的学生在某个学习领域发展出熟练程度时，您可能想要寻求帮助来进行进一步的学习。

"Outsourcing" is one of the secrets of success for high school at home. Tutors, online services, and distance learning courses all preserve the strengths of home schooling—flexibility, one-on-one attention, expertise above and beyond that permitted by a normal high-school curriculum—while eliminating its one weakness—parental ignorance of the subject at hand.

"外包"是在家进行高中教育成功的秘诀之一。导师、在线服务和远程学习课程都能保持家庭教育的优势——灵活性、一对一关注、超越普通高中课程所允许的专业知识——同时消除其唯一的弱点——父母对所教科目的无知。

Cooperative and college classes give the student a chance to get used to the classroom environment, while still following a home-based program. And the student also gets a needed break from working with Mom and Dad.

合作和大学课程给学生一个机会来适应教室环境，同时仍然遵循以家为基础的项目。而且学生也能得到必要的休息，暂时脱离与爸妈一起学习的模式。

TUTORS / 导师

Throughout Parts I through III, we've mentioned the use of a private tutor for certain subjects. You can employ a tutor for one-on-one work in a subject you're not comfortable teaching or simply to give yourself (and the student) a change of pace.

在第一到第三部分中，我们已经提到使用私人导师来教授某些科目。您可以雇用导师进行一对一教学，教授您不舒适教授的科目，或者只是为了给您自己（和学生）一个节奏的改变。

Jessie used tutors for high-school math, foreign language, art, and music. She suggests the following for finding tutors and for supervising the work:

杰西在高中数学、外语、艺术和音乐方面使用了导师。她建议以下方法来寻找导师和监督教学工作：

■ Local colleges are a good source of help. Don't advertise for a tutor. Instead, call the department of the subject you want tutored and ask for recommendations. Make sure that the person you speak to (the chairman of the department or the departmental secretary) knows the age of the student you want tutored.

■ 当地学院是很好的帮助来源。不要刊登广告寻找导师。而是直接致电您想要辅导科目的系，请求推荐。确保您交谈的人（系主席或部门秘书）了解您要辅导学生的年龄。

Accomplished scholars aren't always good teachers, and you want someone who's patient and comfortable with your child's skill level. Also, ask what the going rate for private tutoring is. Expect to pay an hourly rate of $10 for a student to $20 or more for a professor.

有成就的学者并不总是好老师，您需要找到耐心的、能适应您孩子技能水平的人。同时，询问私人辅导的当前费率。预期支付的小时费用为学生$10到教授$20或更多。

Schedule sessions for once a week, and make sure the tutor gives the child assignments to complete before the next session.

每周安排一次课程，并确保导师给孩子布置作业，在下次课程前完成。

■ If you use a college student, make sure your tutor is the same gender as the child. This eliminates the embarrassment factor between child and tutor (especially as the child moves into adolescence).

■ 如果您使用大学学生，确保您的导师与孩子是同一性别。这能消除孩子和导师之间的尴尬因素（特别是当孩子进入青春期时）。

■ Supervise tutorials. Any time a child is in an intimate, one-on-one setting with an older person who has a measure of authority, the potential for abuse exists.

■ 监督辅导。任何时候当孩子在亲密的一对一环境中与有一定权威程度的年长人在一起时，就存在滥用的潜在风险。

Jessie always made sure that tutorials took place in a public setting (the university student center), and she stayed in sight (sitting on the side of the room and catching up on paperwork or reading while the tutorial took place). Don't leave a child at the tutor's house; wait in an adjoining room instead.

杰西总是确保辅导在公共场所（大学学生中心）进行，并且她保持在视线内（坐在房间一边，在辅导进行时处理文书工作或阅读）。不要把孩子留在导师的房子；而是在相邻的房间等候。

This provides protection for the student as well as the tutor.

这为学生和导师都提供了保护。

■ Private schools are another good source for tutors. Private-school teachers are often happy to supplement their income by tutoring home schoolers. Expect to pay a little more than you would for a college student.

■ 私立学校是寻找导师的另一个好来源。私立学校教师通常乐意通过辅导在家学习者来补充他们的收入。预期支付的费用会比大学生稍高一些。

■ Junior- and senior-high-school students (recommended by their teachers) are quite capable of tutoring elementary and middle-grade students.

■ 初中和高中学生（由他们的老师推荐）非常有能力辅导小学和中年级学生。

■ If you're in an active home-school community, older home schoolers may also be willing to work with younger students. Our advice about supervision still applies.

■ 如果您在一个活跃的在家教育社区中，年长的在家学习者也可能愿意与年幼的学生一起学习。我们关于监督的建议仍然适用。

■ Continue to keep an eye on the child's work. You're still responsible for issuing a grade (for high-school students) or for proving to your local school superintendent that reasonable progress has been made in the subject being studied.

■ 继续关注孩子的学习。您仍然负责给出成绩（对于高中学生）或向您当地学校督学证明在所学科目上取得了合理的进步。

ONLINE RESOURCES / 在线资源

Live, online classes with highly qualified instructors who lecture, grade, and evaluate are widely available. For an updated list of recommended online academies with links to course offerings and sample lectures, visit welltrainedmind.com.

实时在线课程由高度合格的教师提供，他们进行讲课、评分和评估，这类课程广泛可用。要获得推荐在线学院的更新列表，包括课程offerings和样本讲座的链接，请访问welltrainedmind.com。

CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS / 函授学校

A number of universities and private schools offer correspondence courses in dozens of subjects. The advantage of correspondence is that your student gets a detailed outline, course information, step-by-step instruction, and an official grade.

许多大学和私立学校提供几十个科目的函授课程。函授的优势是您的学生能得到详细的大纲、课程信息、逐步的指导和官方成绩。

The disadvantage is that correspondence courses lock you into inflexible schedules and particular texts. The best way to decide whether you want to use correspondence courses is to visit each college's website and examine its offerings. See welltrainedmind.com for a directory.

缺点是函授课程会让您陷入不灵活的时间表和特定的教材中。决定是否使用函授课程的最好方法是访问各个学院的网站并检查其课程。请查看welltrainedmind.com获取目录。

COOPERATIVE CLASSES / 合作课程

In many areas, home-school groups have set up cooperative classes taught by parents with particular knowledge or skills. Parents of home schoolers include doctors, lawyers, aerospace engineers, diplomats, and university teachers, and these parents often organize cooperative classes in their areas of expertise.

在许多地区，在家教育团体已经建立了由具有特定知识或技能的父母教授的合作课程。在家学习者的父母包括医生、律师、航空航天工程师、外交官和大学教师，这些父母经常在他们的专业领域组织合作课程。

In larger cities, home schoolers have even set up "academies," where students can enroll for one, two, or three courses in exchange for a time donation from student and parent. Contact your local and state home-school organizations, and ask what resources are already in place.

在较大的城市，在家学习者甚至建立了"学院"，学生可以注册一门、两门或三门课程，以交换学生和家长的时间捐赠。联系您当地和州的在家教育组织，询问已有哪些资源。

Even if you don't find a formal group, don't overlook the possibility of swapping with another home-school parent. If you were a math major in college but hated grammar, you can probably find a parent with a degree in English but few math skills and teach each other's children in your respective areas of expertise.

即使您没有找到正式的团体，也不要忽视与另一位在家教育家长交换的可能性。如果您在大学是数学专业但讨厌语法，您可能能找到一位有英语学位但数学技能不足的家长，在你们各自的专业领域教授彼此的孩子。

This works best when the children are of similar age and ability. And if you can make this arrangement with another home-school family you trust, you can reduce the workload for both sets of parents since you will each only have to prepare for one class rather than two.

当孩子们有相似的年龄和能力时，这种方法效果最好。如果您能与另一个您信任的在家教育家庭做出这种安排，您可以为双方家长减少工作量，因为你们每个人只需要为一门课而不是两门课准备。

COMMUNITY COLLEGES AND LOCAL UNIVERSITIES / 社区学院和当地大学

Community colleges and university classes are usually open to home schoolers. Community colleges are the easiest to deal with. Just call the Office of the Registrar, and ask about enrolling your high-school student in one or two classes.

社区学院和大学课程通常对在家学习者开放。社区学院是最容易打交道的。只需致电注册主任办公室，询问为您的高中学生注册一到两门课程的事宜。

Universities often offer a "concurrent" program, which allows high-school students to take a class or two per semester for high-school credit. The registrar will be able to steer you toward the proper contact.

大学经常提供"同时"项目，允许高中学生每学期修一到两门课程以获得高中学分。注册主任能够引导您找到合适的联系人。

Do remember, though, that high-school students on a college campus are vulnerable—they're younger than the other students and more uncertain. Supervise attendance. You don't have to sit in on the class, but it's probably not a good idea to leave a high-school student on campus for hours alone.

但是要记住，在大学校园里的高中学生是脆弱的——他们比其他学生年轻，更加不确定。监督出勤。您不必坐在课堂上，但让高中学生独自在校园里待几个小时可能不是个好主意。

Also, try to make an appointment with the professor before classes start so that the student can meet the instructor face-to-face. This will reduce nervousness and give the instructor a chance to evaluate your student's readiness for college work.

同时，尝试在开课前与教授预约约会，这样学生可以与教师面对面见面。这将减少紧张感，并给教师一个机会来评估您学生对大学学习的准备程度。

📚 Chapter Vocabulary / 本章词汇表

基础生活词汇 / Basic Life Vocabulary

parents

/ˈpɛrənts/

中文：父母
定义：孩子的监护人和主要照顾者
例句：Parents serve as the child's primary teacher in early grades.

child

/tʃaɪld/

中文：孩子
定义：年幼的人，通常指未成年人
例句：Any literate parent can teach an elementary child.

teacher

/ˈtiːtʃər/

中文：老师
定义：教授知识和技能的人
例句：Parents serve as the child's primary teacher.

student

/ˈstuːdənt/

中文：学生
定义：接受教育的人
例句：When your home-schooled student develops proficiency.

family

/ˈfæməli/

中文：家庭
定义：由亲属组成的基本社会单位
例句：You can make this arrangement with another home-school family.

home

/hoʊm/

中文：家
定义：居住的地方
例句：Outsourcing is one of the secrets of success for high school at home.

教育专业词汇 / Educational Terms

tutor

/ˈtuːtər/

中文：导师
定义：提供一对一教学的私人教师
例句：You can employ a tutor for one-on-one work.

curriculum

/kəˈrɪkjələm/

中文：课程
定义：教育机构设置的学习课程总计划
例句：Above and beyond that permitted by a normal high-school curriculum.

academic

/ˌækəˈdemɪk/

中文：学术的
定义：与学校教育或高等学习有关的
例句：Any literate parent can master the basics of an academic subject.

proficiency

/prəˈfɪʃənsi/

中文：熟练程度
定义：在某个领域的技能水平
例句：When your student develops proficiency in a field of study.

correspondence

/ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

中文：通信，函授
定义：通过邮件或电子方式进行的教育
例句：Universities offer correspondence courses in dozens of subjects.

cooperative

/koʊˈɔːpərətɪv/

中文：合作的
定义：涉及多方共同参与的
例句：Home-school groups have set up cooperative classes.

技术与系统词汇 / Technology & Systems

online

/ˈɔːnlaɪn/

中文：在线的
定义：通过互联网进行的
例句：Live, online classes with highly qualified instructors.

distance

/ˈdɪstəns/

中文：远程
定义：不在同一地点进行的
例句：Distance learning courses preserve the strengths of home schooling.

flexibility

/ˌfleksəˈbɪləti/

中文：灵活性
定义：能够适应变化的能力
例句：They preserve the strengths of home schooling—flexibility.

expertise

/ˌekspɜːrˈtiːz/

中文：专业知识
定义：在特定领域的专门技能
例句：Parents organize cooperative classes in their areas of expertise.

outsourcing

/ˈaʊtsɔːrsɪŋ/

中文：外包
定义：将工作委托给外部专家
例句：Outsourcing is one of the secrets of success.

resources

/ˈriːsɔːrsəz/

中文：资源
定义：可用的材料、服务或支持
例句：Ask what resources are already in place.

机构与组织词汇 / Institutions & Organizations

university

/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti/

中文：大学
定义：提供高等教育的机构
例句：Community colleges and university classes are usually open.

college

/ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

中文：学院
定义：提供专门教育的机构
例句：Local colleges are a good source of help.

community

/kəˈmjuːnəti/

中文：社区
定义：具有共同兴趣的群体
例句：If you're in an active home-school community.

department

/dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

中文：系，部门
定义：专门负责某个学科的机构部分
例句：Call the department of the subject you want tutored.

organizations

/ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənz/

中文：组织
定义：为特定目的而建立的团体
例句：Contact your local and state home-school organizations.

campus

/ˈkæmpəs/

中文：校园
定义：学院或大学的场地和建筑
例句：High-school students on a college campus are vulnerable.

📊 Processing Statistics / 处理统计

总段落数 / Total Paragraphs: 25
标注词汇数 / Annotated Vocabulary: 78
词汇表条目 / Vocabulary Entries: 24
词汇分类 / Categories: 4
音标标注 / Phonetic Notations: 78
双语对照完整性 / Bilingual Coverage: 100%
功能特性 / Features: 悬停提示、点击发音、响应式设计