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Appendix - Taking an Oral History / 附录 - 进行口述历史

This is a simplified简化的/ˈsɪmplɪˌfaɪd/ version版本/ˈvɜːrʒən/ of the "Oral History Interview访谈，面试/ˈɪntərvjuː/ Outline大纲，轮廓/ˈaʊtlaɪn/" developed开发的/dɪˈveləpt/ by Judith Ledbetter for the Charles City County Historical历史的/hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/ Society社会，协会/səˈsaɪəti/. Thanks to them for their help帮助/help/.
这是朱迪思·莱德贝特为查尔斯城县历史Historical - relating to the past协会开发的"口述历史访谈Interview - formal meeting for questions大纲Outline - general plan or structure"的简化Simplified - made easier to understand版本Version - particular form of something。感谢他们的帮助Help - assistance or support。
Record记录/rɪˈkɔːrd/ the name姓名/neɪm/ of the interviewer采访者/ˈɪntərvjuːər/, the date日期/deɪt/, the time时间/taɪm/, and the place地点/pleɪs/ of the interview访谈/ˈɪntərvjuː/.
记录Record - to write down information采访者Interviewer - person asking questions的姓名Name - what someone is called、日期Date - when something happens、时间Time - specific moment和访谈Interview - formal conversation的地点Place - location or venue。
Record记录/rɪˈkɔːrd/ the name姓名/neɪm/ and a general一般的/ˈdʒenərəl/ description描述/dɪˈskrɪpʃən/ of the interview访谈/ˈɪntərvjuː/ subject主题，对象/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/.
记录Record - to document information被访者的姓名Name - person's identity和一般General - basic or overall描述Description - explanation of characteristics。

Interview Questions / 访谈问题

1. When and where were you born出生/bɔːrn/?
1. 你是什么时候、在哪里出生Born - came into existence的？
a. Names姓名/neɪmz/ of parents父母/ˈperənts/, parents' occupations职业/ˌɑːkjuˈpeɪʃənz/.
a. 父母Parents - mother and father的姓名Names - what people are called、父母的职业Occupations - jobs or work。
b. Siblings兄弟姐妹/ˈsɪblɪŋz/?
b. 兄弟姐妹Siblings - brothers and sisters？
c. Birth出生/bɜːrθ/ assisted协助/əˈsɪstɪd/ by doctor医生/ˈdɑːktər/ or midwife助产士/ˈmɪdwaɪf/?
c. 出生Birth - being born时是由医生Doctor - medical professional还是助产士Midwife - birth assistant协助Assisted - helped的？
2. What are your earliest最早的/ˈɜːrlɪəst/ memories记忆/ˈmeməriz/ about food食物/fuːd/ and meals餐食/miːlz/?
2. 你关于食物Food - things we eat和餐食Meals - eating times的最早Earliest - first or oldest记忆Memories - things remembered是什么？
3. What do you remember记得/rɪˈmembər/ about school学校/skuːl/?
3. 你对学校School - place of learning有什么记忆Remember - to recall？
a. Transportation交通/ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/ to school学校/skuːl/.
a. 去学校School - educational institution的交通Transportation - way of traveling方式。
b. School学校/skuːl/ buildings建筑物/ˈbɪldɪŋz/.
b. 学校School - educational place建筑物Buildings - structures。
c. Subjects科目/ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/ taught教授/tɔːt/.
c. 教授Taught - instructed or learned的科目Subjects - school topics。
d. Teachers老师/ˈtiːtʃərz/.
d. 老师Teachers - people who instruct。
e. Discipline纪律/ˈdɪsəplɪn/, sports体育/spɔːrts/, extracurricular课外的/ˌekstrəkəˈrɪkjələr/ activities活动/ækˈtɪvətiz/.
e. 纪律Discipline - rules and order、体育Sports - physical activities、课外Extracurricular - outside regular classes活动Activities - things done。
4. How did you spend度过/spend/ time时间/taɪm/ outside在外面/ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/ of school学校/skuːl/? What kinds种类/kaɪndz/ of games游戏/ɡeɪmz/ did you play玩/pleɪ/? What chores家务/tʃɔːrz/ did you do?
4. 你是如何度过Spend - use time学校School - educational institution外面Outside - not inside的时间Time - periods的？你玩Play - engage in activities什么种类Kinds - types的游戏Games - fun activities？你做什么家务Chores - household tasks？
5. Were you sick生病/sɪk/ in childhood童年/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/? What illnesses疾病/ˈɪlnəsɪz/ did you have? Who was your doctor医生/ˈdɑːktər/, and what was he or she like?
5. 你在童年Childhood - early years of life时生病Sick - not well过吗？你得过什么疾病Illnesses - sicknesses？你的医生Doctor - medical professional是谁，他或她是什么样的人？
6. How did you travel旅行/ˈtrævəl/ (foot步行/fʊt/, horse马/hɔːrs/, wagon马车/ˈwæɡən/, auto汽车/ˈɔːtoʊ/, bus公共汽车/bʌs/, train火车/treɪn/, boat船/boʊt/)?
6. 你是如何旅行Travel - move from place to place的（步行Foot - walking、马Horse - animal for riding、马车Wagon - horse-drawn vehicle、汽车Auto - automobile、公共汽车Bus - public transport、火车Train - railway transport、船Boat - water vehicle）？
7. Tell me about holidays节日/ˈhɑːlədeɪz/ when you were small小的时候/smɔːl/—birthdays生日/ˈbɜːrθdeɪz/, religious宗教的/rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ holidays节日/ˈhɑːlədeɪz/, Thanksgiving感恩节/ˈθæŋksˌɡɪvɪŋ/. Did your family家庭/ˈfæməli/ have any special特殊的/ˈspeʃəl/ days日子/deɪz/?
7. 告诉我你小时候Small - young age的节日Holidays - special celebration days—生日Birthdays - day of birth celebration、宗教Religious - related to faith节日Holidays - celebration times、感恩节Thanksgiving - harvest celebration。你的家庭Family - relatives living together有什么特殊Special - unique or important的日子Days - specific times吗？
8. What religion宗教/rɪˈlɪdʒən/ did your family家庭/ˈfæməli/ observe遵守/əbˈzɜːrv/? How did you observe遵守/əbˈzɜːrv/ it?
8. 你的家庭Family - household members遵守Observe - follow or practice什么宗教Religion - system of beliefs？你们是如何遵守Observe - practice faithfully的？
9. Do you remember记得/rɪˈmembər/ going fishing钓鱼/ˈfɪʃɪŋ//hunting打猎/ˈhʌntɪŋ/, farming务农/ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/, gardening园艺/ˈɡɑːrdənɪŋ/, or getting获得/ˈɡetɪŋ/ food食物/fuːd/ in other ways方式/weɪz/?
9. 你记得Remember - recall from memory去钓鱼Fishing - catching fish/打猎Hunting - pursuing wild animals、务农Farming - growing crops、园艺Gardening - growing plants，或以其他方式Ways - methods or means获得Getting - obtaining食物Food - nourishment吗？
10. What stores商店/stɔːrz/ were near附近/nɪr/ you? What were post offices邮局/poʊst ˈɔːfɪsɪz/ like? How about banks银行/bæŋks/? Where did people人们/ˈpiːpəl/ go for entertainment娱乐/ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/?
10. 你附近Near - close to有什么商店Stores - shops for buying？邮局Post offices - mail services是什么样的？银行Banks - financial institutions呢？人们People - individuals去哪里娱乐Entertainment - fun activities？
11. What stories故事/ˈstɔːriz/ do you remember记得/rɪˈmembər/ your parents父母/ˈperənts/, grandparents祖父母/ˈɡrænˌperənts/, or other older年长的/ˈoʊldər/ people人们/ˈpiːpəl/ telling讲述/ˈtelɪŋ/?
11. 你记得Remember - recall你的父母Parents - mother and father、祖父母Grandparents - parents' parents或其他年长的Older - more aged人们People - individuals讲述Telling - sharing stories的什么故事Stories - narratives？
a. Slavery奴隶制/ˈsleɪvəri/, Civil War内战/ˈsɪvəl wɔːr/, Reconstruction重建/ˌriːkənˈstrʌkʃən/.
a. 奴隶制Slavery - forced labor system、内战Civil War - war within a country、重建Reconstruction - rebuilding period。
b. Bootleggers私酒贩子/ˈbuːtˌleɡərz/, stills蒸馏器/stɪlz/, illegal非法的/ɪˈliːɡəl/ activities活动/ækˈtɪvətiz/, Prohibition禁酒令/ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən/.
b. 私酒贩子Bootleggers - illegal alcohol sellers、蒸馏器Stills - alcohol making equipment、非法Illegal - against the law活动Activities - actions、禁酒令Prohibition - alcohol ban period。

📚 Chapter Vocabulary / 本章词汇表

基础生活词汇 / Basic Life Vocabulary
interview
/ˈɪntərvjuː/
中文：访谈，面试
定义：A formal conversation where one person asks questions
例句：The oral history interview helps preserve family memories.
born
/bɔːrn/
中文：出生
定义：To come into existence; to be brought forth
例句：When and where were you born?
parents
/ˈperənts/
中文：父母
定义：Mother and father of a person
例句：Tell me about your parents' occupations.
siblings
/ˈsɪblɪŋz/
中文：兄弟姐妹
定义：Brothers and sisters
例句：Did you have any siblings?
memories
/ˈmeməriz/
中文：记忆
定义：Things remembered from the past
例句：What are your earliest memories about food?
school
/skuːl/
中文：学校
定义：Place where children learn
例句：What do you remember about school?
历史专业词汇 / Historical Terms
oral history
/ˈɔːrəl ˈhɪstəri/
中文：口述历史
定义：Historical information recorded through interviews
例句：Taking an oral history preserves family stories.
slavery
/ˈsleɪvəri/
中文：奴隶制
定义：System where people are owned as property
例句：Stories about slavery were passed down through generations.
Civil War
/ˈsɪvəl wɔːr/
中文：内战
定义：War between groups within the same country
例句：The American Civil War lasted from 1861 to 1865.
Reconstruction
/ˌriːkənˈstrʌkʃən/
中文：重建
定义：Period of rebuilding after the Civil War
例句：Reconstruction changed the South after the Civil War.
Prohibition
/ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən/
中文：禁酒令
定义：Period when alcohol was banned in the US
例句：Prohibition lasted from 1920 to 1933.
家庭与社会词汇 / Family & Society
family
/ˈfæməli/
中文：家庭
定义：Group of related people living together
例句：What religion did your family observe?
holidays
/ˈhɑːlədeɪz/
中文：节日
定义：Special days for celebration
例句：Tell me about holidays when you were small.
entertainment
/ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/
中文：娱乐
定义：Activities for fun and enjoyment
例句：Where did people go for entertainment?
transportation
/ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/
中文：交通
定义：Ways of moving from place to place
例句：How was transportation to school arranged?
职业与活动词汇 / Occupations & Activities
occupations
/ˌɑːkjuˈpeɪʃənz/
中文：职业
定义：Jobs or professions people have
例句：What were your parents' occupations?
farming
/ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/
中文：务农
定义：Growing crops and raising animals
例句：Do you remember farming or gardening?
chores
/tʃɔːrz/
中文：家务
定义：Regular household tasks
例句：What chores did you do as a child?
games
/ɡeɪmz/
中文：游戏
定义：Fun activities with rules
例句：What kinds of games did you play?

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